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Xigduo XR 5 mg/500 mg Tablets
✅ Active Ingredients:
- Dapagliflozin 5 mg (SGLT2 inhibitor)
- Metformin Hydrochloride (Extended-Release) 500 mg (Biguanide class)
✅ Therapeutic Class:
- Antidiabetic agent (Combination of SGLT2 inhibitor and biguanide)
✅ Indication:
- Used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
- Helps improve glycemic control in patients when diet and exercise alone are insufficient.
- Reduces blood sugar levels by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys and decreasing glucose production in the liver.
- May assist in weight management and reducing blood pressure as additional benefits.
✅ Mechanism of Action:
-
Dapagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor):
- Blocks sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys.
- Promotes urinary glucose excretion, lowering blood glucose levels.
- Reduces glucose toxicity and insulin resistance.
-
Metformin (Biguanide):
- Lowers hepatic glucose production.
- Enhances insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
- Delays intestinal glucose absorption.
✅ Dosage & Administration:
- Taken once daily with food (preferably dinner) to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.
- Tablets must be swallowed whole; do not crush, split, or chew.
- Dose adjustments may be required based on renal function and patient tolerance.
✅ Contraindications:
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²)
- Metabolic acidosis (including diabetic ketoacidosis)
- Hypersensitivity to dapagliflozin, metformin, or any excipients
✅ Warnings & Precautions:
- Monitor kidney function before and during treatment.
- Risk of lactic acidosis, especially in renal or hepatic impairment.
- May cause hypotension due to volume depletion (monitor in elderly or those on diuretics).
- Increased risk of genital and urinary tract infections due to glucosuria.
- Not recommended in pregnancy and breastfeeding unless prescribed by a doctor.
✅ Common Side Effects:
- Gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, diarrhea, bloating)
- Increased urination (polyuria)
- Mild dehydration or dizziness
- Genital infections (e.g., yeast infections in women, balanitis in men)
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas
✅ Storage Conditions:
- Store at room temperature (15-30°C).
- Keep in a dry place, away from direct sunlight.
- Keep out of reach of children.
✅ Manufacturer:
- AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
✅ Country of Manufacture:
- Germany or United Kingdom
